Thursday, 7 March 2019

Significance Supersedes Style


Demons at Dusk by Peter Stewart 
Temple House Pty Ltd
Pp. 326

It took Peter Stewart almost 30 years to write Demons at Dusk and he has researched it thoroughly. The book explores the most infamous massacre in Australia’s history by combining official records and transcripts from the trials to recreate the story of what happened that day, the events leading up to it and its aftermath. It is written in a very straightforward and basic tone with no embellishments and seems more of a text book or a schoolchild’s history than a novel. It is, however, a very important story and needs to be told, which may perhaps mitigate the poor writing style.

In 1838 on a remote cattle station on the NSW frontier a free settler who looked after the property (William Hobbs) invited a group of Aboriginal people from the Weraerai to Myall Creek station with the promise of protection from the bands of marauding troopers and stockmen who roamed the countryside. They developed a close relationship, particularly with Old Daddy, a big elder, Charley, a young boy, and Ipeta, a woman with whom one of the younger hutkeepers, George Anderson, had some sort of relationship. While Hobbs was away, a group of powerful settlers came to the station and massacred 28 unarmed Indigenous Australians.

The massacre itself was not unusual, as many similar events occurred across the country, but it stands out as significant in history as being the first time the murderers were prosecuted. George Anderson’s evidence was instrumental in bringing justice to the Weraerai, and death to the murderers. This is a known story, but Stewart questions why Anderson would speak up, so he introduces a love interest, which many critics find jarring. They argue that for a story based on historical fact, it makes no sense to invent a fictional romance, and detracts from the magnitude of the event.

Because so much of the story is taken verbatim from contemporary letters, newspaper reports and court transcripts, the introduction of assumed emotions is incongruous and the tone becomes preachy and didactic. Some disquiet has also been raised over the perceived patronising effect of a white author putting words into Australian Aboriginal English: “And de tings don’t belongem to eachfella. Everything belongem everyfella. Everyting belongem all mob."

Stewart tries to introduce the tropes of foreshadowing and hindsight. The former is unnecessary: if people know this story, there is no surprise, just horror, so there seems little reason to try and build tension in this portentous manner: “They sat and ate and talked and laughed, unaware it was to be their last meal together, for twenty-four hours later Death would come to the Weraerai camp.”

The horrors of the massacre itself are stated baldly through flashes of atrocity. There are critical complaints that the novel would work better as a film, and on this occasion it is deliberately written in a screenplay style.
"Baby wrenched from mother’s arms and thrown to ground… Sandy and Tommy lunge forward to protect… Two shots ring out… Sandy and Tommy fall to the ground… Sandy struggles to feet, sword slashes back of his neck, severs head… Bobby’s wife knocked to ground, her baby grabbed… Mother wails… Baby screams as held by legs and head smashed against tree… Mother slashed with sword… Terror… Head hacked off…"

Stewart also attempts to explain the particulars of the court case and the attitudes of the time through patently unrealistic dialogue. Much of the court-case communication is taken verbatim from the transcripts of the trials with, as Stewart writes, “only very minor additions to illustrate how someone may have been feeling or to highlight the importance of a particular piece of evidence.” This level of gauche intervention makes it more like one of those American documentaries than a novel.

Defenders of the novel argue that many Australians know little of their nation’s history and they rely on novels to tell them of the past as all they learned at school were tales of British colonialism. They say that the florid writing style and undisciplined language is forgotten as the reader progresses through the power of the narrative. Should we overlook the literary failings due to the historical significance of the story? Stewart is to be commended for bringing this outrage to the attention of a wider audience, no matter what the standard of the prose in which he does it.

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